David joy



f ication, and in which- @1t-inn; tetes ,getraut fitte.

DAVID JOY, MIDDLESBORO, GREAT BRTAIN, ASSIGNOR TO GUSTAVE BRINKMAN,

ASSIGNOR TO J. VAUGHAN MERRICK, W. H. MERRICK,AND JOHN E. COPE.

entfernten No. 80,550, dated. August 4, 1868.

@lgerlphnle' nimmt tu iu flgfse Eaters ttent mit mating gni oittesamt. l i

TO A LL4 WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: Be it known that I, DAVID JOY, of Middiesboro, in the county of York, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Hammers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention consists in the employment of the piston or hammer-bar of a steam-hammer or hammers,

driven by' elastic'fluid as the valve for the hammer, the ports being formed in the piston,hammorbar, vor cylindei', or among them conjointly, all substantially as described hereafter. e

order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this speci- Figures 1 and 2, Drawing No. 1, are sectional view's of the cylinder, piston, and-rod of my impro-vcd steamhammer', showing the moving parts in diieren't positions. Y Figure 3, asectional plan on the line 1-2, iig'. 2.

Figures 4 and 5, Drawing No. 2, represent a modification of my invention. Figures 6 and 7, another modification, i 4iiigure 8 a third modification, and

Figure 9 a fourth modification. v0n reference to Drawing No. 1, A represents the steam-cylinder, having a-suitable cover, a, and a piston, Performing a.' part of the piston-rod D, which passes through the chambered contipuatiomE, of th cylinder, the latter terminating below in a suitable smiling-box', e. In the piston-rod D are formed twopassages, F and G, the former communicating with the interior ofthe cylinder, below the piston, at b, and having itsoutlet at c. The .passage G communicates withithe interior of the cylinder, above the pistonat d, and hasits inlet atf. The continuation, E, of the cylinder has au annular steam-chamber, H, communicating with the steampipe at h, and having two outlets,l and y1., Thereis also in this continuation of; or projection from the steamcylinder, an annularexhaustwhauibcrfI, having its inlet at k, and its outletthrough the vertical passage J, t which communicates with the generalcxhaust-pipc K, which also communicates with another outlet, m, for the y exhauststeam.

The-lower end of' the piston-rod is provided witlra suitable ram, and the cylinder and its continuation secured to any appropriate framework. l

`supposing steam to `be cut o' from the chamberH, and. the piston Aand its rod to be at the limit ofV their downward. movement'fas seen intig. 2, and it be desired to start the hammer,` steam iaadmitted to the chamber,

when thevfollowing movements o'f the piston and rod will takeplace:

The momentV steam is admitted to the chamber Il, itvvvillv pass through c into the passage F, and thence athrough b to the interior of the cylinderfhelow the piston,A which it will at once elevate.

4As the piston rises, further communication between the steam-chamber H-and thevpassage F is cut od', and

4iunmedintely after-this the steam will Vbegin to pass'through iandfnudp,ass age,G,jinto the cylindenabove the `piston, and this before the steam which raised the piston can escape through c and m to the exhaust; but'the momentum acquired by the rising piston is such that even after s teambe'ginsto gain access to the cylinder above the same, it will continue to rise until the passage F communicates,I through c and m, with the exhaust, when the steam nctinglon the top of the piston will force the same-down. y

On the descent of the piston, the' exhaustA at c and mis,=in.the first place, closed, while the inlet through jandf, for the passage ofsteam to the-cylinder above the piston, remains open, but as the piston continues to descend,.this inlet" is`closed immediately'before steam is admitted to the cylinder below the-piston, through i and eland passage F, 4so thatat this point there is steam both 'above and below the piston, that ubovobemg out 0E from the boiler, and acting with expansion only against that bclow, which is livestcam from the boilcri l It-should be borne in mind, however, that owing tothe large diameter of the' piston-rod the area of the top of the piston is much in excess of that below, and that tho piston and rod, in their descent, have acquired s momentum, hen although thesteam above the piston isaoting through expansion only, the piston continues to 'descend until the passage G is open, throughf und k, to the exhaustchamber I, when the steam whichserved the purpose of impelling the piston and ram downwards, is at once disposed of, and the piston-again commences its upward movement.

It will be observed thatthere is always a cushion of'steam 'above the piston, as it approaches the limit of its upward movement, and below the piston, as itapproaches the limitof its dovvnivnrd movement, and that the movement is limited, the extent of this movement depending upon the stationary openings m, e', j, and 7:,'in respect to each other, and to the moving openings c andfof thepis'ton. v

It willbe seen, without further description, that c'wing to these openings and the above-described passages,"

.blows areimparted by the ram in rapid succession); withoutA the aid of any valve, other than that required to regulate the owof steam through the steam-pipe, the rrapidity a'nd force of thoblowsepending upon the quantity oi' steam admitted, and upon its pressurefl v In order to prevent the pisto'n and its rod from turning, andl to insure the coincidence ofthe moving with the stationary openings, a pin,'.x,(g. 3,) on the piston, fits and slides freely in a vertical groove in the cylinder.-

tion; iig. 8, n. third modification, and iig. 9 a fout'tlimodification.

`The construction and operation of these modified plans from the foregoing description, without furtherexplanation.4

I claim as my invention, and desire to' secure by Letters Patent- The employment oi' the piston or hammerfbar of a. steam-hammer or'hammers, driven by elasticuid, as

the valve for the hammer, the ports boing formed inthe piston,'ha.mmerbar, or cylinder, or among them con.. jointly, substantially 'asset forth.

In testimonywhereof, I'have signed my namih -to this specification in thefpresence of twol subscribing witnesses.

' l DAVID JOY.

Figs. 4 and, Drawing No. 2, illustrate a modification of my invention; iigs. 6 and 7, asecond modifica- Witnesses WM. Fowxs, Janus 'SMALLwoom of carrying out my invention will be understood 

